Heart Failure
What is Heart Failure?
Heart failure occurs when the heart becomes too weak or stiff to pump blood effectively, leading to reduced oxygen supply to the body. It does not mean the heart has stopped working, but it cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.
Heart failure is a chronic condition that worsens over time, but early diagnosis, medications, and lifestyle changes can help manage the condition and improve quality of life.
Types of Heart Failure
There are two main types of heart failure based on which side of the heart is affected:
1️⃣ Left-Sided Heart Failure
🔹 The left ventricle (main pumping chamber) weakens, causing fluid buildup in the lungs.
🔹 Leads to breathing problems, coughing, and fatigue.
🔹 Most common type of heart failure.
2️⃣ Right-Sided Heart Failure
🔹 The right ventricle weakens, causing fluid buildup in the legs, abdomen, and liver.
🔹 Leads to swelling (edema), weight gain, and bloating.
🔹 Usually caused by left-sided heart failure.
Causes of Heart Failure
Heart failure develops due to damage to the heart muscle from various conditions:
✔ Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) – Blocked arteries reduce blood flow to the heart.
✔ Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) – Sudden damage to heart muscles.
✔ High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) – Increases heart strain.
✔ Diabetes – Causes damage to blood vessels and heart tissues.
✔ Heart Valve Disease – Faulty valves reduce blood flow efficiency.
✔ Arrhythmia (Irregular Heartbeat) – Weakens heart function over time.
✔ Cardiomyopathy – A disease of the heart muscle (can be genetic or due to infections).
✔ Smoking & Alcohol Abuse – Toxins weaken heart function.
✔ Obesity & Sedentary Lifestyle – Increases stress on the heart.
📌 Managing these risk factors can prevent or slow down heart failure progression.
Symptoms of Heart Failure
Symptoms of heart failure develop gradually and worsen over time:
❗ Shortness of Breath (Dyspnea) – Difficulty breathing, especially when lying down.
❗ Fatigue & Weakness – Constant tiredness, even with minimal activity.
❗ Swelling (Edema) – Fluid buildup in the legs, feet, ankles, and abdomen.
❗ Persistent Cough or Wheezing – Due to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
❗ Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat (Arrhythmia) – Heart beats too fast or too slow.
❗ Weight Gain – Due to fluid retention.
❗ Chest Pain or Pressure – May occur if heart disease is present.
❗ Dizziness or Fainting – Caused by reduced blood flow to the brain.
📌 If you experience severe shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting, seek emergency medical help! 🚨
What to Avoid If You Have Heart Failure?
❌ No Salty & Processed Foods – Increases fluid retention and blood pressure.
❌ Avoid Heavy Exercise – Overexertion can strain the heart.
❌ No Smoking & Alcohol – Worsens heart damage.
❌ Limit Caffeine & Sugary Drinks – Can trigger irregular heartbeats.
❌ Avoid Stress & Anxiety – Keep emotions in control.
❌ Don’t Ignore Symptoms – Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen.
Living with Heart Failure: Tips for a Better Life
💙 Take medications regularly as prescribed.
💙 Weigh yourself daily to monitor fluid retention.
💙 Sleep with head elevated to breathe better.
💙 Get vaccinated (flu & pneumonia shots) to prevent infections.
💙 Stay in regular contact with your doctor.